Encouraging athletes to coach each other（鼓励运动员们要互相训导）

小臭贝

This week’s Speedo Tip of the Week comes from Kyle Schack, the assistant coach at Arizona State University. Schack, who served as a coach at the 2007 USA Swimming Zone Select Camp, encourages athletes to coach each other.  
本周的Speedo贴士来自凯尔.沙克，他在亚利桑那州大学任职助理教练，他还曾在2007年美国游泳区域选拔赛上担任教练。他鼓励运动员们要互相给对方训导（训练、指导，互相当教练）。

Teammates have an outstanding opportunity to coach each other during daily training. When the coach-athlete feedback exchange starts to feel repetitive, it is helpful to have the athlete’s teammates deliver the same message. I have often found that hearing constructive criticism from one’s peers oftentimes drives home the message, even if your swimmer has heard it many times from his or her coach. The peer feedback seems to provide a sense of urgency and adds another level of accountability to one’s teammates.
在日常训练中，队友们有个很好的机会可以相互训导对方。当教练-运动员的信息反馈交换开始让你觉得重复的时候，这时让队友来传递同样的信息就显得很有帮助了（运动员有时会对教练产生排斥情绪，尤其是会觉得教练很烦，所以让队友来提出意见和建议则会显得更有效些）。我经常可以发现这样一个情况，从某位运动员的同伴那里可以听到一些建设性的批评意见，这些意见时常能够让人理解信息，尽管这些信息运动员已经从他的教练那里听了许多次了。这种同伴式的反馈像是提供了一种很紧迫的感觉，也给队友们增加了另一层的责任性。

I encourage coaches to foster a training atmosphere where swimmers take responsibility for not only their own training, but that of their teammates as well. Set up opportunities for peer-to-peer coaching on a regular basis so that swimmers feel confident in their ability to give and receive constructive feedback. Many programs will have seniors work with underclassmen or a senior training group work with a developmental group on skills such as turns, stroke technique and starts.
我鼓励教练们要营造一个好的训练氛围，游泳运动员不仅对他们自己的训练负责，同时也要关心他们的队友。提供机会让队友之间相互训导，这样游泳运动员们会感觉到自信，并在他们的能力之内，提出也接受建设性的反馈。许多训练计划中都会由有资历的带资历浅的，或者是一个高级组和一个发展组，一起练习技术，例如转身，划水技术和出发。

Encourage your swimmers to approach providing feedback in a positive way. Explain the difference between criticism and one’s teammate caring enough to speak up to try to make another teammate a better swimmer. Potentially offending an athlete is an issue that needs to be addressed, and will improve with time and participation.
鼓励运动员用一种积极的方式来提供反馈。要解释清楚批判和带着试图让其他队友提升能力而提出意见这两者之间的区别。冒犯一个运动员是一项需要避免的问题，而且需要用时间和合作来解决。

Eventually, the swimmers will carry with them a mentality of team accountability throughout practice. This awareness will generate a collective team approach to the sport that supports daily improvement. When swimmers take part in others’ swimming they become more responsible for their own swims.  In post-race conversations they can see things more objectively and the talks become more productive.
最后，运动员在整个训练中都会始终带有团队责任感。这种意识可以产生一种集体的途径来支持每日提升运动能力。当运动员们参与到别人的游泳中，他们也会变得对自己的游泳更加富有责任感。在赛后的交谈中，他们可以更加客观的看待事情，谈话也会变得更有效率。

全浸中也有关于Team Learning（团队学习）的概念。这种学习方法，可以让大家更容易发现并解决问题，也能增进相互之间的感情。因此，找个伴和你一起游泳吧！